If you are going to work on Oracle Database in cloud or in environments where X11 client or server is not available. It is always good to learn how to do a silent installation of Oracle. Specially in todays CI/CD devops model where dba’s have to provision DB servers using Ansible or other such tools. The base of doing such automation will require you to install Oracle from cli. In the below article we will do below 3 steps without any graphical user interface like X11, gnome, kde,vnc etc
1. Install Oracle 12.2.0.1 Database Software using a Response File
2. Create a Database with Response File
3. Create a Listener and Register the Database
I did the below setup on a cloud hosted server, running CENT OS 7, which came with bare minimum packages. It is always good to add different repositories which host all the important softwares for Linux
Now lets get started….
1. Add Groups
# groupadd oinstall
# groupadd dba
# groupadd oper
# groupadd backupdba
# groupadd dgdba
# groupadd kmdba
# groupadd asmdba
# groupadd asmoper
# groupadd asmadmin
# groupadd racdba
2. Add Oracle User
# useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba
# passwd oracle
3. Check for missing packages
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
elfutils-libelf \
elfutils-libelf-devel \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-common \
glibc-devel \
glibc-headers \
ksh \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
make \
libXext \
libXtst \
libX11 \
libXau \
libxcb \
libXi \
sysstat \
unixODBC \
unixODBC-devel
4. Install missing packages with Yum
eg:
# rpm -Uvh compat-libcap1
5. Update Kernel Parameters
Open sysctl.conf file and add the kernel parameters
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.shmall = 1073741824 kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
6. Add Limits for Oracle user
Open file limits.conf and add below parameters
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf --shell limits for users oracle 12gR1 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 32768
7. Create Bash Profile for Oracle user
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory # chown oracle:oinstall -R /u01 # vi .bash_profile export TMP=/tmp export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=easyoradba.com export ORACLE_UNQNAME=ORA12C export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=ORA12C PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; alias ob='cd $ORACLE_BASE' alias oh='cd $ORACLE_HOME' alias tns='cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin' alias envo='env | grep ORACLE' umask 022 envo # envo
8. Disable SELINUX and IPTABLES (Not a good thing to do on a production server, only for test !!!)
# vi /etc/selinux/config set SELINUX=disabled # service iptables stop # chkconfig iptables off
9. Download Oracle Database binary to home directory and prepare the staging area
# su - oracle # cd /home/oracle # unzip Oracle_Database_12CR2_linux_x64_12201.zip
This creates a directory ‘database’ with the installation files in it
10. Create Response File and Install Database Software in Silent Mode
Create a copy of the response file and add parameters for installation
# cd /home/oracle/database/response # ls -ltrh -rwxrwxr-x 1 oracle oinstall 6.1K Jun 20 2016 netca.rsp -rwxrwxr-x 1 oracle oinstall 25K Jan 5 2017 dbca.rsp -rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 23K Jan 26 2017 db_install.rsp # cp db_install.rsp ../ # vi db_install.rsp
Now add below values for the parameters as per the directory structure you created
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0.1/dbhome_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSOPER_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
Make sure the above parameters are not duplicated if you will copy and paste the above values 🙂
# cd /home/oracle/database # ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/db_install.rsp
if you get error Oracle runInstaller – CreateOUIProcess(): 13 : Permission denied
Then change temporary directory to home directory and run installer again
# mkdir -p $HOME/tmp # export TMP=$HOME/tmp
Run the installer again
# ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/database/db_install.rsp
11. Run root scripts and complete install
If all goes well you will get below message
Starting Oracle Universal Installer…
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 68933 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 3958 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /home/oracle/tmp/OraInstall2018-07-05_04-21-40AM. Please wait …[oracle@vps database]$ You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2018-07-05_04-21-40AM.log
The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
Please check ‘/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2018-07-05_04-21-40AM.log’ for more details.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oracle/product/12.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Run the script by opening another session with root user and setup will complete successfully
Successfully Setup Software.
12. Create Database in Silent Mode
find the file dbca.rsp and make a copy of it and update below parameters
# cd $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/ # cp dbca.rsp $ORACLE_HOME # vi dbca.rsp gdbName=ora12c sid=ora12c databaseConfigType=SI createAsContainerDatabase=false templateName=General_Purpose.dbc sysPassword=sys123 systemPassword=sys123 emConfiguration=NONE datafileDestination=/u01/oradata recoveryAreaDestination=/u01/fra storageType=FS characterSet=AL32UTF8 sampleSchema=TRUE memoryPercentage=40 ora12c is global database name # dbca -silent -createDatabase -responseFile dbca.rsp 53% complete 54% complete 55% complete 58% complete Completing Database Creation 59% complete 60% complete 61% complete 64% complete 68% complete 69% complete Executing Post Configuration Actions 100% complete
13. Create Listener and Register Database
# cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin # vi listener.ora LISTENER = (ADDRESS_LIST= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost)(PORT=1521)) (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=PNPKEY))) # lsnrctl start # sqlplus "/as sysdba" SQL> alter database register; # lsnrctl status Services Summary... Service "ora12c" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... Service "ora12cXDB" has 1 instance(s). Instance "ora12c", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully